Continuous measurement of soot and soluble organic fraction emission from advanced powertrain 2000-05-0314
Particulate matter (PM) emission from vehicles is one of the
biggest issues in terms of environmental protection and influence
to human body. Thus, a variety of measurement technologies have
been develop so far. Currently, a gravimetric method is most
commonly used in the automotive industry, partially because it is
specified in the regulations. This method uses a combination of a
dilution tunnel and a filter that collects the PM from the diluted
sample gas with subsequent weighting by a micro balance. However,
since this technique is a batch measurement, it is impossible to
determine at what point of the emissions test the Soot, SOF
(Soluble Organic Fraction), and the total PM are emitted. Thus the
demand for real-time PM measurement under transient test conditions
has increased.
A fast response flame ionization detector (fast-FID) has been
previously shown to detect hydrocarbon-free soot particles
utilizing an area accumulation technique of the spike signals that
are observed when the fast-FID is fed with soot particles. In this
paper, the new technique to measure the Soot and SOF separately and
continuously using the differential FID method is explained.