Thermal Management System and Performance Characteristics of Electric Vehicle 2020-28-0022

Thermal Management System (TMS) is equally or more important part of Battery Electric (BEV)/Hybrid Electric vehicle (HEV) than an internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle. In an ICE vehicle, TMS ensures performance of power train/engine, after treatment/exhaust system and HVAC (Climate control) whereas it connected with safety and Range anxiety elimination additionally for the case of Electric Vehicle. Electric powertrain is not a new technology to the world but the technology is evolving in last few decades, to overcome the cost and make it commercially viable, charging infrastructural development and elimination of Range Anxiety. In last few years, Indian automotive industry has taken some major steps towards electrification journey for both passenger car and commercial vehicle. In BEVs, Battery Cooling or Battery thermal management System (BTMS or BCS) and Traction cooling system (TCS) are couple with nearly conventional HVAC circuit used in any ICE vehicle. Hence, Thermal management system (TMS = BCS+ TCS + HVAC) is become a three loop system in any BEVs. Among these, BTMS/BCS plays important role to maintain performance and safety/reliability of Li-ion Battery pack. The complex Battery Thermal management system situated in key research arena alongside battery management system (BMS) for the Electric Vehicle technology. On other hand, Traction Cooling system helps to maintain desired operation temperature of traction and EV-Power electronic components to ensure proper performance and desired life. This paper is mainly dealing with an overview of thermal management system (BTMS/BCS and TCS) of Powertrain, configurational aspects, their linkage with vehicle brain and correlation with the Performance (Range anxiety, Sate of charge [SOC], life span) and Safety/reliability parameter of Electric vehicles along with validation requirement.